How does LCD work?

How does LCD work? 

What is the function of the vertical & horizontal polarizer, TFT substrate, colour a filter, andbacklight?The Full form of LCD should be known to most people, but for those curious, the answer is Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)This display panel, widely used worldwide, is called just LCD, but its full name remains hidden: its full name is TFT LCD(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display).Liguid Crystal Display (LCD): In addition to LCD, Several Types of 9 display,panels are used in various electronic devicescapable of displaying images, such as LCD Monitors, LCD TVs, Laptop screens. Mobile Phones. etc

LCD panels are widely used in allthese devices, keeping in mind the purchasing power of the people. So, we first try to

learn the working method of liquid crystal display.

Typically, a liquid crystal display is less than two milimetres thick. Surprisingly, this thin glass display has six distincifunctional layers inside. So first, you need to know the names of these six Substrates-(Match the six layers below with the diagram above)

1.LED Backlight(Light Source)

2.Vertical Polarizer (Vertical Polarizing Filter)

3.Thin Film Transistor substrate (TFT matrix)

4.Liquid crystals substrate.

5.RGB color filter.

6.Horizontal Polarizer (Horizontal Polarizing Filter).

7.Glass cover.

From the above list, we are familiar with the names of the aranged substrates of the LCD panel. Now, we will patiently tryto understand the function of each substrate or how a liquid crystal display works

1. Backlight

What is the function of the backlight on an LCD?The Backlight is the Light source of the Liquide Crystal Display Panel. This Backlight is the only light source for the imagesthat appear on LCD TVs, Laptop displays, monitors, and mobile phone displays.  Smartphone deals

In the latest technology, the LCD Panels' light source is LED backlights placed separately at the bottom of the screen. inthin displavs, LED strips are placed on the edges of light-conducting glass. Also, old-model displays used high-voltagefluorescent tubes as the light source

2.Vertical Polarizer

What does a vertical polarizer do in an LCD?

What is a Polarizer? A polarizer is not an electronic component. lt is made of PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol), a polarizing filmsheet.or a Polarizing Filter for LCD panels.

As the light from the Backlight passes through the LCD panel, it encounters a polarizing filter. This filter only allows lightwaves to pass through, oscillating in a specific direction. This helps ensure the light is polarized before interacting with theliquid crystals.

A vertical polarizer in an LcD (Liquid Crystal Display) panel controls the orientation of light passing through the displaylt's one of the polarizing filters used in conjunction with others in the display structureIn an LcD, 9 light passes through multiple layers, including polarizers and liquid crystal molecules, to produce the imagesyou see. 

The vertical polarizer allows light waves oscilating vertically to pass through while blocking those oscillatinghorizontally. 

This controlled passage of light helps manipulate the orientation of liquid crystal molecules within the displaythus preventing the amount and colour of light that ultimately reaches your eyes, creating the images and hues you see onthe a soreen.

3. TFT (Thin Film Transistors) Substrate

What is TFT and its function in LCD?

The TFT Thin-Film Transistor) substrate is crucial in LCD technology. it serves as the foundation or base layer for thethin-film transistors that control the individual pixels on the display. The TFT substrate is typically made of glass and iscoated with thin films of semiconductor materials, such as amorphous silicon.The primary function of the TFT substrate is to enable precise and rapid control of each pixel on the LcD screen. Eachpixel consists of a liquid crystal element sandwiched between two layers of glass. The TFTs on the substrate act asswitches that control the voltage applied to the liquid crystal, determining its optical state (either allowing light to passthrough or blocking it).